Происхождение всего: От Большого взрыва до человеческой цивилизации

Берковичи Дэвид

Для дополнительного чтения

 

Как я уже упоминал в предисловии, уникальность этой книги – в ее краткости и, возможно, в позиции автора. Существуют более объемные работы, которые, пусть и не полностью, но более подробно описывают темы, изложенные на этих страницах. Вот три замечательные книги, с которыми вы можете продолжить изучение затронутых мной тем:

Jastrow, Robert, and Michael Rampino. Origins of Life in the Universe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.

Langmuire, Charles H., and Wally Broecker. How to Build a Habitable Planet. Rev. and expanded ed. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2012.

MacDougall, J. D. A Short History of Planet Earth: Mountains, Mammals, Fire and Ice. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley & Sons, 1998.

Читатели (особенно мои коллеги‑ученые) могут заметить, что я не привожу все возможные источники информации и открытий, в противном случае список ссылок будет больше, чем сама книга (и мне пришлось бы изменить ее название, а моему издателю оно по какой‑то причине нравится). Информацию о наиболее известных темах и исторических личностях, упомянутых в книге, легко найти в специальных и научно‑популярных изданиях. Для расширения общих знаний я предлагаю свой список книг. Чтобы познакомить читателей с новыми и наиболее сложными темами и результатами исследований, я постарался выделить оригинальных авторов и привести более специализированную литературу (также представленную ниже). Таким образом, для каждой главы я привожу и список литературы для общего чтения, и специальную литературу.

 

1. Вселенная и галактики

Общая литература

Peebles, P. J. E., D. N. Schramm, E. L. Turner, and R. G. Kron. "Evolution of the Universe." Scientific American, October 1994, 50–57.

Singh, Simon. The Big Bang: The Origin of the Universe. New York: HarperCollins, 2005.

Trefil, James. The Moment of Creation. New York: Macmillan, 1983.

Turner, Michael. "Origin of the Universe." Scientific American, September 2009, 36–43.

Специальная литература

Bromm, Volker, and Naoki Yoshida. "The First Galaxies." Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 49 (2011): 373–407.

Frieman, J. A., M. S. Turner, and D. Huterer. "Dark Energy and the Accelerating Universe." Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 46 (2008): 385–432.

Greene, Brian. "How the Higgs Boson Was Found." Smithsonian Magazine, July 2013.

http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science‑nature/how‑the‑higgs‑boson‑was‑found‑4723520/.

Guth, A. H., and P. J. Steinhardt. "The Inflationary Universe." Scientific American, May 1984, 116–28.

Spergel, David N. "The Dark Side of Cosmology: Dark Matter and Dark Energy." Science 347, no. 6226 (2015): 1100–1102.

 

2. Звезды и элементы

Общая литература

Kirshner, Robert P. "The Earth's Elements." Scientific American, October 19, 1994, 58–65.

Lang, Kenneth R. The Life and Death of Stars. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.

Young, Erick T. "Cloudy with a Chance of Stars." Scientific American, February 21, 2010, 34–41

Специальная литература

Kaufmann, William J., III. Black Holes and Warped Spacetime. New York: W. H. Freeman, 1979.

Truran, J. W. "Nucleosynthesis." Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science 34, no. 1 (1984): 53–97.

 

3. Солнечная система и планеты

Общая литература

Elkins‑Tanton, Linda T. The Solar System. 6 vols. New York: Facts on File, 2010.

Lin, Douglas N. C. "Genesis of Planets." Scientific American, May 2008, 50–59.

Lissauer, Jack J. "Planet Formation." Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 31 (1993): 129–74.

Wetherill, George. "Formation of the Earth." Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 18 (1990): 205–56.

Специальная литература

Armitage, Phillip J. Astrophysics of Planet Formation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.

Canup, Robin M. "Dynamics of Lunar Formation." Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 42 (2004): 44175. doi: 10.1146/annurev.astro.41.082201.113457.

Chiang, E., and A. N. Youdin. "Forming Planetesimals in Solar and Extrasolar Nebulae." Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 38 (2008): 493–522.

Gomes, R., H. F. Levison, K. Tsiganis, and A. Morbidelli. "Origin of the Cataclysmic

Late Heavy Bombardment Period of the Terrestrial Planets." Nature 435 (2005): 466–69.

Levison, H. F., A. Morbidelli, R. Gomes, and D. Backman. "Planet Migration in Planetesimal Disks." In Protostars and Planets V, ed. B. Reipurth, D. Jewitt, and K. Keil, 669–84. Tucson: University of Arizona Press, 2007

 

4. Континенты и строение Земли

Общая литература

Brown, G. C., and A. E. Mussett. The Inaccessible Earth. London: Chapman & Hall, 1993.

Condie, Kent C. Plate Tectonics and Crustal Evolution.Oxford: Pergamon, 1993. "Our Ever Changing Earth." Special issue, Scientific American 15, no. 2 (2005).

Schubert, G., D. Turcotte, and P. Olson. Mantle Convection in the Earth and Planets. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.

Stevenson, D. J., ed. Treatise on Geophysics. Vol. 9 of Evolution of the Earth, 2nd ed., ed. G. Schubert. New York: Elsevier, 2015.

Vogel, Shawna. Naked Earth: The New Geophysics. New York: Plume, 1996.

Специальная литература

Bercovici, D. "Mantle Convection." In Encyclopedia of Solid Earth Geophysics, ed. H. K. Gupta, 832–851. Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer, 2011.

Elkins‑Tanton, L. T. "Magma Oceans in the Inner Solar System." Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 40 (2012): 113–39.

England, P., P. Molnar, and F. Richter. "John Perry's Neglected Critique of Kelvin's Age for the Earth: A Missed Opportunity in Geodynamics." GSA Today 17, no. 1 (2007): 4–9.

Glatzmaier, Gary A., and Peter Olson. "Probing the Geodynamo." Scientific American, April 2005, 50–57.

Stacey, F. D. "Kelvin's Age of the Earth Paradox Revisited." Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth 105, no. B6 (2000): 13155–58.

 

5. Океаны и атмосфера

Общая литература

Allègre, Claude J., and Stephen H. Schneider. "The Evolution of the Earth." Scientific American, October 1994, 66–75.

Holland, H. D. The Chemical Evolution of the Atmosphere and Oceans. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1984.

Kasting, J. F. "The Origins of Water on Earth." In "New Light on the Solar System," special issue, Scientific American 13, no. 3 (2003): 28–33.

Специальная литература

Elkins‑Tanton, L. T. "Formation of Early Water Oceans on Rocky Planets." Astrophysics and Space Science 302, no. 2 (2011): 359. doi: 10.1007/s10509‑010‑0535‑3.

Valley, John W. "A Cool Early Earth?" Scientific American, October 2005, 58–65.

 

6. Климат и пригодность для жизни

Общая литература

Bender, Michael L. Paleoclimate. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2013.

Falkowski, P., R. J. Scholes, E. Boyle, J. Canadell, D. Canfield, J. Elser, N. Gruber, K. Hibbard, P. Högberg, S. Linder, F. T. Mackenzie, B. Moore III, T. Pedersen, Y. Rosenthal, S. Seitzinger, V. Smetacek, and W. Steffen. "The Global Carbon Cycle: A Test of Our Knowledge of Earth as a System." Science 290 (2000): 291–96.

Gonzalez, G., D. Brownlee, and P. D. Ward. "Refuges for Life in a Hostile Universe." Scientific American, October 2001, 60–67.

Kasting, J. F., and D. Catling. "Evolution of a Habitable Planet." Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 41 (2003): 429–63.

Ward, P. D., and D. Brownlee. Rare Earth: Why Complex Life Is Uncommon in the Universe. New York: Copernicus (Springer‑Verlag), 2000.

Специальная литература

Berner, Robert A. The Phanerozoic Carbon Cycle. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.

Berner, R. A., A. C. Lasaga, and R. M. Garrels. "The Carbonate‑Silicate Geochemical Cycle and Its Effect on Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide over the Past 100 Million Years." American Journal of Science 283, no. 7 (1983): 641–83.

Hoffman, Paul F., and Daniel P. Schrag. "Snowball Earth." Scientific American, January 2000, 68–75.

Huybers, P., and C. Langmuir. "Feedback Between Deglaciation, Volcanism, and Atmospheric CO2." Earth and Planetary Science Letters 286, nos. 3–4 (2009): 479–91.

Raymo, M. E., and W. F. Ruddiman. "Tectonic Forcing of Late Cenozoic Climate." Nature 359, no. 6391 (1992): 117–22.

Walker, J., P. Hayes, and J. Kasting. "A Negative Feedback Mechanism for the Long‑Term Stabilization of Earth's Surface Temperature." Journal of Geophysical Research 86 (1981): 9776–82.

 

7. Жизнь

Общая литература

Clark, W. R. Sex and the Origins of Death. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996.

Hazen, R. M. The Story of Earth. New York: Viking, 2012.

Lane, N. Life Ascending: The Ten Great Inventions of Evolution. New York: Norton, 2009.

Orgel, L. "The Origin of Life on the Earth." Scientific American, October 1994, 76–83.

Ricardo, A., and J. W. Szostak. "Origin of Life on Earth." Scientific American, September 2009, 54–61.

Ward, P. D., and D. Brownlee. Rare Earth: Why Complex Life Is Uncommon in the Universe. New York: Copernicus (Springer‑Verlag), 2000.

Специальная литература

Corliss, J. B., J. Dymond, L. I. Gordon, J. M. Edmond, R. P. von Herzen, R. D. Ballard, K. Green, D. Williams, A. Bainbridge, K. Crane, and T. H. van An‑del. "Submarine Thermal Springs on the Galápagos Rift." Science 203, no. 4385 (1979): 1073–83.

Doolittle, W. F. "Uprooting the Tree of Life." Scientific American, February 2000, 90–95.

Falkowski, P., R. J. Scholes, E. Boyle, J. Canadell, D. Canfield, J. Elser, N. Gruber, K. Hibbard, P. Högberg, S. Linder, F. T. Mackenzie, B. Moore III, T. Pedersen, Y. Rosenthal, S. Seitzinger, V. Smetacek, and W. Steffen. "The Global Carbon Cycle: A Test of Our Knowledge of Earth as a System." Science 290 (2000): 291–96.

Mansy, S. S., J. P. Schrum, M. Krishnamurthy, S. Tobe, D. A. Treco, and J. W. Szostak. "Template‑Directed Synthesis of a Genetic Polymer in a Model Proto‑cell." Nature 454, no. 7200 (2008): 122–25.

Patel, B. H., C. Percivalle, D. J. Ritson, C. D. Duffy, and J. D. Sutherland. "Common Origins of RNA, Protein and Lipid Precursors in a Cyanosulfidic Protometabolism." Nature Chemistry 7, no. 4 (2015): 301–7.

Powner, M. W., B. Gerland, and J. D. Sutherland. "Synthesis of Activated Pyrimidine Ribonucleotides in Prebiotically Plausible Conditions." Nature 459, no. 7244 (2009): 239–42.

 

8. Человек и цивилизации

Общая литература

Behrensmeyer, K. "The Geological Context of Human Evolution." Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 10 (1982): 39–60.

Jurmain, R., L. Kilgore, W. Trevathan, and R. L. Ciochon. Introduction to Physical Anthropology. 14th ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, 2013.

Silcox, M. T. "Primate Origins and the Plesiadapiforms." Nature Education Knowledge 5, no. 3 (2014): 1–6.

Tatersall, I. "Once We Were Not Alone." Scientific American, January 2000, 56–62.

Wong, K. "An Ancestor to Call Our Own." In special issue on evolution, Scientific American, April 2006, 49–56.

Специальная литература

Behrensmeyer, K. "Climate Change and Human Evolution." Science 311 (2006), 476.

deMenocal, P. B. "Climate Shocks." Scientific American, September 2014, 48–53.

Diamond, J. Guns, Germs and Steel. New York: Norton, 1999.

Fagan, B. The Long Summer: How Climate Changed Civilization. New York: Basic Books (Perseus), 2004.

Jablonski, Nina G. "The Naked Truth." Scientific American, February 2010, 42–49.

Ruddiman, W. F. "How Did Humans First Alter Global Climate?" Scientific American, March 2005, 46–53.

Ryan, W., and W. Pitman. Noah's Flood: The New Scientific Discoveries about the Event That Changed History. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2000.

Sherwood, S. C., and M. Huber. "An Adaptability Limit to Climate Change Due to Heat Stress." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 21 (2010): 9552–55.

Stedman, H. H., B. W. Kozyak, A. Nelson, D. M. Thesier, L. T. Su, D. W. Low, C. R. Bridges, J. B. Shrager, N. Minugh‑Purvis, and M. A. Mitchel. "Myosin Gene Mutation Correlates with Anatomical Changes in the Human Lineage." Nature 428, no. 6981 (2004): 415–18.

Wood, B. "Welcome to the Family." Scientific American, September 2014, 43–47.