Cover - Painting by Burt Silverman, background photograph by Ernst Haas. 10 - Drawing by Hermann Schaaffhausen, Der Neanderthaler Fund. Marcus Publishers, Bonn 1888, courtesy University Library, Bonn, photographed by Edo Koenig; Reconstruction by M. Joanny - Durand under the supervision of Marcellin Boule courtesy Institute de Paleontologie Humaine, Paris, photographed by Dmitri Kessel; Reconstruction by Carleton Coon courtesy University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, photographed by Reuben Goldberg - Reconstruction by G. Wandel courtesy Dr. F. Krantz, Rheinisches Mineralien-Kontor, photographed by Edo Koenig; Reconstruction by Carleton Coon courtesy University Museum, University of Pennsylvania, photographed by Reuben Goldberg; Reconstruction by R. N. Wegner courtesy of the American Museum of Natural History - Reconstruction by M. M. Gerasimov, from the book "The face Finder" by M. M. Gerasimov. English Translation Copyright © 1971 by Hutchinson& Co. (Publishers) LTD. Reproduced by permission of the publishers, J В Lippincott Company; Reconstruction by Adolph H. Schultz courtesy the Anthropological Institute, Zurich University, photographed by Rudolf Rohr; Reconstruction by Gerhard Heberer. 14 - Derek Bayes courtesy Victoria and Albert Museum, London - Culver Pictures; The Mansell Collection, London. 15 - Culver Pictures; Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek - The Mansell Collection, London; Thames & Hudson "Darwin and His World". 18 - Rheinisches Landesmuseum Bonn; Staatsbibliothek Berlin; Underwood & Underwood. 19 - By Permission of The Librarian, University College, Galway, Ireland; The Bettmann Archive; Roger Viollet. 23 - Courtesy of Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago. 26, 27 - Skull courtesy University Museum, University of Pennsylvania. Sculpture by Nicholas Fasciano, photographed by Ken Kay. 29 through 37 - Paintings by Herb Steinberg, background photographs are listed separately: 29, 30, 31 - Dean Brown. 32 - Bernard Wolf. 33 - Dean Brown. 34, 35 - Bernard Wolf. 36, 37 - Dr. George Gerster from Rapho-Guillumette. 38 - Map by Lowell Hess. 42, 43 - Lee Boltin courtesy Professor Ralph Solecki, Columbia University. 46, 47 - Dean Brown. 50. 51 - Sebastian Milito courtesy Marie-Antoinette and Henry de Lumley. 56, 57 - Lee Boltin courtesy Professor Ralph Solecki, Columbia University. 59, 60, 61 - Fritz Goro courtesy Dr. Jeffrey Bada, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California. 62, 63 - Ian Yeomans courtesy J. H. Fremlin, The University of Birmingham. Birmingham, England. 64 - Erich Hartmann from Magnum courtesy Dr. T. Dale Stewart, Smithsonian Institution. 65 - Brian Hesse courtesy Isabella Drew. 66 - Erich Hartmann from Magnum courtesy Dr. William Farrand and Paul Goldberg, University of Michigan. 67 Paul Goldberg. 68, 69 - Erich Zartmann from Magnum courtesy Steve Kopper, Long Island University. 70 through 81 - Drawings by Victor Lazzaro. 83 - Farrell Grehan for LIFE. 84, 85 - Ernst Haas. 86, 87 - Harald Sund. 88, 89 - Dale Brown. 90, 91 - Victor Englebert from De Wys, Inc. 92, 93 - Harvey Lloyd from Nancy Palmer Photo Agency. 94. 95 - Dale A. Zimmerman and Marian Zimmerman. 96 through 113 - Drawings by Herb Steinberg. 115 through 121 - Paintings by Don Punchatz. 125 - Grawing by George V. Kelvin. 128 - Paintings by Adolph E. Brotman. 131 - Courtesy Musee de l'Homme; The Mount Everest Foundation. 135 through 149 - Courtesy Professor Ralph Solecki, Columbia University.