Глава 1. Наука устойчивых изменений
‹‹1›› Nik Wallenda: About, .
‹‹2›› Nik Wallenda, .
‹‹3›› Diet Starts Today… and Ends on Friday: How We Quickly Slip Back into Bad Eating Habits within a Few Days, Daily Mail, September 16, 2013, .
‹‹4›› Dieting Does Not Work, UCLA Researchers Report, University of California at Los Angeles, April 3, 2007, .
‹‹5›› Aurel O. Iuga, and Maura J. McGuire. Adherence and Health Care Costs, Risk Management and Healthcare Policy 7 (2014): 35–44.
‹‹6›› Bruce Jaspen. U.S. Workforce Illness Costs $576B Annually from Sick Days to Workers’ Compensation, Forbes, September 12, 2012, .
‹‹7›› Личная беседа с Джошем Навой, 14 февраля 2017 года.
‹‹8›› Личная беседа с Томом Сосноффом, 8 февраля 2016 года.
‹‹9›› Lars Osterberg, and Terrence Blaschke. Adherence to Medication, New England Journal of Medicine 353 (2005): 487–497.
‹‹10›› У участников наших вмешательств для устойчивых изменений был в два раза больший шанс измениться (44 % по сравнению с 20 % в одном исследовании и 17 и 7 % процентов в другом). Мы повторно обследовали эти группы через 15 месяцев и обнаружили, что результаты сохранились. См.: Enrique Rivero, Combo of Social Media, Behavior Psychology Leads to HIV Testing, Better Health Behaviors, last modified September 4, 2013, .
‹‹11›› Daily Routines, Ernest Hemingway, .
‹‹12›› Antonella Gasbarri, Assunta Pompili, Mark G. Packard, and Carlos Tomaz, Habit Learning and Memory in Mammals: Behavioral and Neural Characteristics, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 114 (October 2014): 198–208.
‹‹13›› R. B. Zajonc, 1980. Feeling and Thinking: Preferences need no Inferences, American Psychologist 35, no. 2 (1980): 151–175.
Глава 2. Лестница
‹‹1›› Brad Delson, .
‹‹2›› Karen E. Jacowitz and Daniel Kahneman, Measures of Anchoring in Estimation Tasks, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 21 (1995): 1161–1166.
‹‹3›› U.S. Government Printing Office. Day Trading: An Overview, September 16, 1999, ; «Do 95 % of all traders lose?» HubPages, April 29, 2011, .
‹‹4›› Jack D. Schwager, Market Wizards: Interview with Top Traders (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2013).
‹‹5›› Alexander M. Freud and Marie Hennecke, Changing Eating Behaviour vs. Losing Weight: The Role of Goal Focus for Weight Loss in Overweight Women, Psychology & Health 27, no. 2 (2012): 25–42.
‹‹6›› Shelley E. Taylor, Lien B. Pham, Inna D. Rivkin, and David A. Armor, Harnessing the Imagination: Mental Simulation, Self-Regulation, and Coping, American Psychologist 53, no. 4 (1998): 429–439. doi:.
‹‹7›› Lien B. Pham and Shelley E. Taylor, From Thought to Action: Effects of Process-Versus Outcome-Based Mental Simulations on Performance, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 25, no. 2 (1999): 250–260.
‹‹8›› Gabriele Oettingen, Positive Fantasy and Motivation, in The Psychology of Action: Linking Cognition and Motivation to Behavior, ed. P. M. Gollwitzer and J. A. Bargh, (New York: Guilford, 1996) 236–259.
‹‹9›› John R. Doyle, Survey of Time Preference, Delay Discounting Models, Judgment and Decision Making 8, no. 2 (2013): 116–135.
‹‹10›› Philippe N. Tobler, Christopher D. Fiorillo, and Wolfram Schultz, Adaptive Coding of Reward Value by Dopamine Neurons. Science (New York, NY.) 307, no. 5715 (2005): 1642–1645, doi:.
‹‹11›› Tabla, .
‹‹12›› Lisa S. Blackwell, Kali H. Trzesniewski, and Carol Sorich Dweck, «Implicit Theories of Intelligence Predict Achievement Across an Adolescent Transition: A Longitudinal Study and an Intervention» Child Development 78, no. 1 (2007): 246–263, doi:.
‹‹13›› Rebecca L. Shively, and Carey S. Ryan, Longitudinal Changes in College Math Students’ Implicit Theories of Intelligence. Social Psychology of Education 16, no. 2 (2013): 241–56, doi:.
‹‹14›› Second Life, .
‹‹15›› Gustavo Saposnik, Mindy Levin, and for the Stroke Outcome Research Canada (SORCan) Working Group, Virtual Reality in Stroke Rehabilitation. Stroke 42, no. 5 (2011): 1380–1386, doi:.
‹‹16›› Page L. Anderson, Matthew Price, Shannan M. Edwards, Mayowa A. Obasaju, Stefan K. Schmertz, Elana Zimand, and Martha R. Calamaras, Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy for Social Anxiety Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 81, no. 5 (2013): 751–760, doi:.
‹‹17›› Creating Virtual Worlds to Train Your Salesforce, Direct Selling Education Foundation, May 16, 2012, .
‹‹18›› Sexy Nude Beach, Second Life, .
‹‹19›› David R. Bassett, Holly R. Wyatt, Helen Thompson, John C. Peters, and James O. Hill, Pedometer-Measured Physical Activity and Health Behaviors in U.S. Adults, Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 42, no. 10 (2010): 1819–1825, doi:.
‹‹20›› Albert Bandura, Social Foundations of Thought and Action: A Social Cognitive Theory (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall 1986).
‹‹21›› Linkin Park, .
‹‹22›› Evan Polman, Effects of Self — Other Decision Making on Regulatory Focus and Choice Overload, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 102 no. 5 (2012): 980–993, doi:.
‹‹23›› MyFitnessPal Acquires Rock Health-Backed Coaching Startup, Sessions, Business Wire, February 19, 2014, .
Глава 3. Сообщество
‹‹1›› Devanie Angel, The Power of Cults, August 12, 2004, .
‹‹2›› Democratic Workers Party, .
‹‹3›› Rebecca Schweier, Matthias Romppel, Cynthia Richter, Eike Hoberg, Harry Hahmann, Inge Scherwinski, Gregor Kosmützky, and Gesine Grande, A Web-Based Peer-Modeling Intervention Aimed at Lifestyle Changes in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease and Chronic Back Pain: Sequential Controlled Trial, Journal of Medical Internet Research 16 no. 7 (2014): e177, doi:.
‹‹4›› Karen Foster and Dale Spencer, It’s Just a Social Thing: Drug Use, Friendship and Borderwork among Marginalized Young People, The International Journal on Drug Policy 24, no. 3 (2013): 223–230, doi:.
‹‹5›› Robert Downey, Jr., .
‹‹6›› Udovitch, Mim. 2003. The Sobering Life of Robert Downey, Jr., The New York Times Magazine, October 19, .
‹‹7›› Sean D. Young, A. David Nussbaum, and Benoit Monin, Potential Moral Stigma and Reactions to Sexually Transmitted Diseases: Evidence for a Disjunction Fallacy, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 33, no. 6 (2007): 789–799, doi:.
‹‹8›› Mark L. Hatzenbuehler, Jo C. Phelan, and Bruce G. Link, Stigma as a Fundamental Cause of Population Health Inequalities, American Journal of Public Health 103, no. 5 (2013): 813–821, doi:.
‹‹9›› W. W. Darrow, J. E. Montanea, H. Gladwin. AIDS-related Stigma Among Black and Hispanic Young Adults, AIDS and Behavior. 2009; 13 (6), 1178–1188.
‹‹10›› Sean D. Young, William G. Cumberland, Sung-Jae Lee, Devan Jaganath, Greg Szekeres, and Thomas Coates as Emerging Tool social networking technologies for HIV Prevention: A Cluster Randomized Trials Annals of Internal Medicine 159, no. 5 (20130): 318erna, doi:.
‹‹11›› Sean D. Young, William G. Cumberland, Sung-Jae Lee, Devan Jaganath, Greg Szekeres, and Thomas Coates as Emerging Tool social networking technologies for HIV Prevention: A Cluster Randomized Trials Annals of Internal Medicine 159, no. 5 (20130): 318erna, doi:.
‹‹12›› Sean D. Young, Social Media Technologies for HIV Prevention Study Retention among Minority Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM), AIDS and Behavior 18, no. 9 (3014): 1625–29, doi:.
‹‹13›› Сообщение в сообществе HOPE по зависимости от опиоидов от 25 июля 2016 года.
‹‹14›› Сообщение в сообществе HOPE по зависимости от опиоидов от 25 июля 2016 года.
‹‹15›› Личная беседа с Матеем Захарией от 26 января 2015 года.
‹‹16›› Samuel Adams, Facebook, .
‹‹17›› Dos Equis, Facebook, .
‹‹18›› С 1 января по 31 декабря 2013 года Dos Equis продали 7 910 841 ящиков пива на сумму $236 406 880. Sam Adams продали 10 453 300 ящиков на сумму $329 422 200. 2014 U.S. Beer Category Report, .
‹‹19›› Личная беседа с Мариной Здобновой, 8 января 2017 года.
‹‹20›› Личная беседа с членом Santa Monica New Tech Теренс Лем 8 января 2017 года.
Глава 4. Важность
‹‹1›› Jeremy P. Jamieson, Wendy Berry Mendes, and Matthew K. Nock, Improving Acute Stress Responses: The Power of Reappraisal. Current Directions in Psychological Science 22, no. 1 (2013): 51–56, doi:.
‹‹2›› Lindsey McDougle, Sara Konrath, Marlene Walk, and Femida Handy, Religious and Secular Coping Strategies and Mortality Risk among Older Adults, Social Indicators Research 125, no. 2 (2016): 677–694, doi:.
‹‹3›› United Nations Development Programme, Poverty Reduction Scaling Up Local Innovations for Transformational Change .
‹‹4›› Peter Bate, The Story Behind Oportunidades: How Two Visionary Social Scientists Forged a Program that Has Changed the Lives of Millions of Mexicans, Inter-American Development Bank, October 1, 2004, .
‹‹5›› «Oportunidades Mexico: A Brief Look at Its History» LACS 101, November 22, 2013, .
‹‹6›› George E. Vaillant, Triumphs of Experience: The Men of the Harvard Grant Study (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press 2012).
‹‹7›› Tristen K. Inagaki, and Naomi I. Eisenberger, Shared Neural Mechanisms Underlying Social Warmth and Physical Warmth, Psychological Science 24, no. 11 (2013): 2272–80, doi:.
‹‹8›› Naomi I. Eisenberger, Matthew Lieberman, and Kipling D. Williams, Does Rejection Hurt? An fMRI Study of Social Exclusion, Science, 302: 290–292.
‹‹9›› Nathan C. Dewall, Geoff Macdonald, Gregory D. Webster, Carrie L. Masten, Roy F. Baumeister, Caitlin Powell, David Combs, et al, Acetaminophen Reduces Social Pain: Behavioral and Neural Evidence. Psychological Science 21, no. 7 (2010): 931–937, doi:.
‹‹10›› Don Francisco (television host), .
‹‹11›› Zach’s Story, и .
‹‹12›› Сообщение в сообществе HOPE от 25 июля 2016 года.
‹‹13›› William Addis (entrepreneur), .
‹‹14›› Ying-Yao Cheng, Paichi Pat Shein, and Wen-Bin Chiou, Escaping the Impulse to Immediate Gratification: The Prospect Concept Promotes a Future-Oriented Mindset, Prompting an Inclination towards Delayed Gratification, British Journal of Psychology 103, no. 1 (2012): 129–141, doi:.
‹‹15›› CFED, Assets and Opportunities Scorecard, .
‹‹16›› Личная беседа с Томом Пагмайром, 6 января 2017 года.
‹‹17›› Hal Hershfield, You Make Better Decisions if You ‘See’ Your Senior Self, Harvard Business Review, June 2013, .
‹‹18›› Nicholas A. Christakis, and Paul D. Allison, Mortality after the Hospitalization of a Spouse, New England Journal of Medicine 354, no. 7 (2006): 719–730, doi:.
‹‹19›› Chad Schultz, Do People Really Fear Public Speaking More Than Death? TM Vision, .
Глава 5. Легкость
‹‹1›› Joe Coulombe, .
‹‹2›› 7-Eleven, .
‹‹3›› Trader Joe’s, .
‹‹4›› Beth Kowitt, Inside the Secret World of Trader Joe’s, Fortune, August 20 2010, .
‹‹5›› Hein de Vries, Sander M. Eggers, and Catherine Bolman, The Role of Action Planning and Plan Enactment for Smoking Cessation, BMC Public Health 13(April 2013): 393, doi:.
‹‹6›› Carla Alexia Campbell, Robert A. Hahn, Randy Elder, Robert Brewer, Sajal Chattopadhyay, Jonathan Fielding, Timothy S. Naimi, Traci Toomey, Briana Lawrence, and Jennifer Cook Middleton, «The Effectiveness of Limiting Alcohol Outlet Density As a Means of Reducing Excessive Alcohol Consumption and Alcohol-Related Harms, American Journal of Preventive Medicine 37, no. 6 (2009): 556–569, doi:.
‹‹7›› Bridget Freisthler, and Paul J. Gruenewald, Examining the Relationship between the Physical Availability of Medical Marijuana and Marijuana Use across Fifty California Cities, Drug and Alcohol Dependence 143(October 2014): 244–250, doi:.
‹‹8›› Stanley Milgram, Behavioral Study of Obedience, The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 67, no. 4 (1963): 371–378, doi:.
‹‹9›› Stanley Milgram, Some Conditions of Obedience and Disobedience to Authority, Human Relations 18, no. 1 (1965): 57–76, doi:.
‹‹10›› Nick Haslam, Steve Loughnan, and Gina Perry, Meta-Milgram: An Empirical Synthesis of the Obedience Experiments, PLoS ONE 9, no. 4 (2014), doi:.
‹‹11›› L. Festinger, S. Schachter, and K. W. Back, Social Pressures in Informal Groups: A Study of Human Factors in Housing (New York: Harper, 1950).
‹‹12›› Chadwick Martin Bailey, Match.com and Chadwick Martin Bailey 2009–2010 Studies: Recent Trends: Online Dating, .
‹‹13›› Jonathan D. D’Angelo, and Catalina L. Toma, There Are Plenty of Fish in the Sea: The Effects of Choice Overload and Reversibility on Online Daters’ Satisfaction With Selected Partners, Media Psychology 20, no. 1 (2017): 1–27, doi:.
‹‹14›› S. S. Iyengar and M. R. Lepper, When Choice Is Demotivating: Can One Desire Too Much of a Good Thing?» Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 79 no. 6 (2000): 995–1006.
‹‹15›› S. S. Iyengar, Wei Jiang, and Gur Huberman, How Much Choice Is Too Much? Contributions to 401(k) Retirement Plans, Philadelphia, PA: Pension Research Council, .
‹‹16›› H. Leventhal, R. Singer, and S. Jones, Effects of Fear and Specificity of Recommendation Upon Attitudes and Behavior, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 2(July 1965): 20–29.
‹‹17›› Women spend nearly one year deciding what to wear, The Telegraph, .
‹‹18›› Jason Abbruzzese, Why Zuck and other successful men wear the same thing every day, Mashable, last modified November 17 2014, .
‹‹19›› Matilda Kahl, Why I Wear the Exact Same Thing to Work Every Day, Harpers Bazaar, last modified April 3 2015, .
‹‹20›› Christy Rutherford, Matilda Kahl Negotiated with Zara for her Work Uniform, Harpers Bazaar, last modified April 9 2015, .
‹‹21›› L. Ross and A. Ward, Naive Realism in Everyday Life: Implications for Social Conflict and Misunderstanding, In Values and Knowledge, ed. T. Brown, E. S. Reed and E. Turiel (Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, 1996), 103–135.
‹‹22›› J. Froyd and J. Layne, Faculty Development Strategies for Overcoming the ‘Curse of Knowledge’, 2008 38th Annual Frontiers in Education Conference, S4D-13-S4D-16, doi:.
‹‹23›› Ibid., Do 95 % of all traders lose?
‹‹24›› Gustaf Torngren and Henry Montgomery, Worse Than Chance? Performance and Confidence Among Professionals and Laypeople in the Stock Market, Journal of Behavioral Finance 5, no. 3 (2004): 148–153, doi:.
‹‹25›› D. Dunning, D. W. Griffin, J. D. Milojkovic, and L. Ross, The Overconfidence Effect in Social Prediction, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 58, no. 4 (1990): 568–581.
‹‹26›› Ulrike Malmendier and Geoffrey Tate, CEO Overconfidence and Corporate Investment, The Journal of Finance 60, no. 6 (2005): 2661–2700, doi:.
‹‹27›› Ioannis S. Salamouris, How Overconfidence Influences Entrepreneurship, Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship 2 no. 1 (2013): 8, doi:.
‹‹28›› Markus Glaser and Martin Weber, Overconfidence and Trading Volume, SSRN Scholarly Paper ID 976374, Rochester, NY: Social Science Research Network, .
‹‹29›› Todd R. Zenger, Explaining Organizational Diseconomies of Scale in R&D: Agency Problems and the Allocation of Engineering Talent, Ideas, and Effort by Firm Size, Management Science 40, no. 6 (1994): 708–729.
‹‹30›› Brian Wu and Anne Marie Knott, Entrepreneurial Risk and Market Entry, Management Science 52, no. 9 (2006): 1315–1330.
‹‹31›› Michael Hoerger, Benjamin P. Chapman, Ronald M. Epstein, and Paul R. Duberstein, Emotional Intelligence: A Theoretical Framework for Individual Differences in Affective Forecasting, Emotion 12, no. 4 (2012): 716–25, doi:.
‹‹32›› Daniel Kahneman, Evaluation By Moments: Past and Future, In Choices, Values and Frames, eds. D. Kahneman and A. Tversky (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000).
‹‹33›› Timothy D. Wilson and Daniel T. Gilbert, Affective Forecasting: Knowing What to Want, Current Directions in Psychological Science 14, no. 3 (2005): 131–134, doi:.
‹‹34›› Yo (app), .
‹‹35›› The World’s Most Innovative Companies: Amazon.com, Forbes, .
‹‹36›› Hayley Tsukayama, What Amazon’s Learned from a Decade of Prime, Washington Post, February 3 2015, .
‹‹37›› Sarah Perez, Amazon Announces new Dash-powered Devices that can Auto-reorder Your Coffee, Air Filters, and More, TechCrunch, 2016, .
‹‹38›› JuJu Chang and Mary Marsh, The Google Diet: Search Giant Overhauled Its Eating Options to ‘Nudge’ Healthy Choices, ABC News, January 25 2013, .
‹‹39›› James Franklin, The Science of Conjecture: Evidence and Probability before Pascal (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2001), 241.
‹‹40›› Occam’s razor, .
‹‹41›› Lee Ross and Richard Nisbett, The Person and the Situation: Perspectives of Social Psychology (London: Pinter & Martin Ltd, 2012).
‹‹42›› Kurt Lewin, A Dynamic Theory of Personality (New York and London: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1935).
Глава 6. Нейрохакинг
‹‹1›› Mauricio Estrella, How a Password Changed My Life, May 14 2014, .
‹‹2›› Личная беседа с Маурисио Эстрельей, 9 февраля 2017 года.
‹‹3›› D. J. Bem, Self-perception Theory, Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, ed. Leonard Berkowitz (New York: Academic, 1972).
‹‹4›› Психологи спорят, связано это с когнитивным диссонансом или со взглядами на свое прошлое поведение. Аргументы в пользу первого предположения см.: Leon Festinger, A Theory of Cognitive Dissonance, (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1957). Аргументы в пользу второго предположения см.: D. J. Bem, Self-Perception: An Alternative Interpretation of Cognitive Dissonance Phenomena, Psychological Review 74 (1967): 183–200.
‹‹5›› Benjamin Franklin, Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin [Edited from His Manuscript], ed. John Bigelow (Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1868).
‹‹6›› Rosanna E. Guadagno, Adam Lankford, Nicole Muscanell, Bradley Okdie, and Debra McCallum, Social Influence in the Online Recruitment of Terrorists and Terrorist Sympathizers: Implications for Social Psychology Research, Revue Internationale de Psychologie Sociale 23 (2010): 25–56.
‹‹7›› F. M. Haemmerlie and R. L. Montgomery. 1984. Purposefully Biased Interactions: Reducing Heterosocial Anxiety Through Self-Perception Theory, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 47 (1984): 900–908.
‹‹8›› F. M. Haemmerlie and R. L. Montgomery, Self-Perception Theory and Unobtrusively Biased Interactions: A Treatment for Heterosocial Anxiety, Journal of Counseling, Psychology 29 (1982): 362–370.
‹‹9›› Pablo Brinol and Richard E. Petty, Overt Head Movements and Persuasion: A Self-Validation Analysis, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 84, no. 6 (2003): 1123–1139.
‹‹10›› Stuart Valins, Cognitive Effects of False Heart-Rate Feedback, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 4, no. 4 (1966): 400–408, doi:.
‹‹11›› Stuart Valins, Cognitive Effects of False Heart-Rate Feedback, In Experimental Social Psychology, eds. Chester A. Insko and John Schopler (New York and London: Academic Press, 2013).
‹‹12›› John C. Barefoot and Ronald B. Straub, Opportunity for Information Search and the Effect of False Heart Rate Feedback, Integrative Physiological & Behavioral Science 40, no. 3 (2005): 156–160, doi:.
‹‹13›› Marcus A. Gray, Neil A. Harrison, Stefan Wiens, and Hugo D. Critchley, Modulation of Emotional Appraisal by False Physiological Feedback during fMRI, PLoS ONE2, no. 6 (2007), doi:.
‹‹14›› J. D. Laird, Self-Attribution of Emotion: The Effects of Expressive Behavior on the Quality of Emotional Experience, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 29 (1974): 475–486.
‹‹15›› Fritz Strack, Leonard L. Martin, and Sabine Stepper, Inhibiting and Facilitating Conditions of the Human Smile: A Nonobtrusive Test of the Facial Feedback Hypothesis, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 54 (1988): 768–777.
‹‹16›› R. B. Zajonc, Sheila T. Murphy, and Marita Inglehart, Feeling and Facial Efference: Implications of the Vascular Theory of Emotion, Psychological Review 96, no. 3 (1989): 395–416, doi:.
‹‹17›› M. Axel Wollmer, Claas de Boer, Nadeem Kalak, Johannes Beck, Thomas Gotz, Tina Schmidt, Muris Hodzic, et al, Facing Depression with Botulinum Toxin: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Journal of Psychiatric Research 46, no. 5 (2012): 574–81, doi:.
‹‹18›› Michael B. Lewis and Patrick J Bowler, Botulinum Toxin Cosmetic Therapy Correlates with a More Positive Mood, Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology 8, no. 1 (2009): 24–26, doi:.
‹‹19›› Tiffany A. Ito, Krystal W. Chiao, Patricia G. Devine, Tyler S. Lorig, and John T. Cacioppo, The Influence of Facial Feedback on Race Bias, Psychological Science 17, no. 3 (2006): 256–261, doi:.
‹‹20›› Christopher J. Bryan, Gregory M. Walton, Todd Rogers, and Carol S. Dweck, Motivating Voter Turnout by Invoking the Self, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108, no. 31 (2011): 1265356, doi:.
‹‹21›› Christopher J. Bryan, Gabrielle S. Adams, and Benoit Monin, When Cheating Would Make You a Cheater: Implicating the Self Prevents Unethical Behavior, Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 142, no. 4 (2013): 1001–5, doi:.
‹‹22›› C. R. Critcher and T. Gilovich, Inferring Attitudes from Mindwandering, Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 36 (2010): 1255–1266.
‹‹23›› J. P. Brunelle, The Impact of Community Service on Adolescent Volunteers’ Empathy, Social Responsibility, and Concern for Others, The Sciences and Engineering 62 (2001): 2514.
‹‹24›› Improvisational Acting Rules, .
‹‹25›› Nancy L. Collins and Lynn Carol Miller, Self-Disclosure and Liking: A Meta-Analytic Review, Psychological Bulletin 116, no. 3 (1994): 457–75, doi:.
‹‹26›› C. K. Waterman, The Facilitating and Interfering Effects of Cognitive Dissonance on Simple and Complex Paired Associates Learning Tasks, Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 5 (1969): 31–42.
Глава 7. Увлекательность
‹‹1›› Brad Tuttle, Former ‘Extreme Couponer’ Admits: It’s a Waste of Time, Time, last modified November 5, 2012, .
‹‹2›› Why One Extreme Couponer Gave Up Clipping, National Public Radio, last modified October 30, 2012, .
‹‹3›› We Are a Coupon Nation, RetailMeNot, Inc., last modified September 8, 2014, .
‹‹4›› CPG Digital Coupon Circulation Grows By 23.4 % in 1H16, Reaching 3.7 Billion, Kantar Media, August 15, 2016, .
‹‹5›› Improving Economy, Increasing Shopper Demand for Digital Offers Impacting Coupon Use, Inmar, February 1, 2016, .
‹‹6›› Improving Economy, Increasing Shopper Demand for Digital Offers Impacting Coupon Use, Inmar, February 1, 2016, .
‹‹7›› Sherri Kuhn, The Wealthy Are More Likely to Use Coupons, Ironically, She Knows, February 10, 2014, .
‹‹8›› Is Metal Detecting Worth It? Metal Detecting Forum, last modified January 5, 2011, .
‹‹9›› Lulu Chang, Americans spend an alarming amount of time checking social media on their phones, Digital Trends, June 13, 2015, .
‹‹10›› Edward Lee Thorndike, Animal Intelligence: An Experimental Study of the Associative Processes in Animals, Psychological Review Monograph Supplement 2 (1901): 1–109.
‹‹11›› Daniel Schacter, Psychology (2nd ed.) (New York: Worth, 2011), 17.
‹‹12›› Top Secret WWII Bat and Bird Bomber Program, History Net, last modified June 12, 2006, .
‹‹13›› Bruce K. Alexander, Robert B. Coambs, and Patricia F. Hadaway, The Effect of Housing and Gender on Morphine Self-Administration in Rats, Psychopharmacology 58, no. 2 (1978): 175–79, doi:.
‹‹14›› Eryn Paul, «Why Germans Work Fewer Hours But Produce More: A Study in Culture,» KNote, .
‹‹15›› Kim Witte and Mike Allen, «A Meta-Analysis of Fear Appeals: Implications for Effective Public Health Campaigns,» Health Education & Behavior 27, no. 5 (2000): 591–615, doi:.
‹‹16›› Allison Earl and Dolores Albarracin, «Nature, Decay, and Spiraling of the Effects of Fear-Inducing Arguments and HIV Counseling and Testing: A Meta-Analysis of the Short- and Long-Term Outcomes of HIV-Prevention Interventions,» Health Psychology 26, no. 4 (2007): 496–506, doi:.
‹‹17›› Kirk Mitchell, «Limon prison incentive programs keep inmates in check,» The Denver Post, November 14, 2010, .
‹‹18›› Daniel Kahneman and Angus Deaton, High Income Improves Evaluation of Life but Not Emotional Well-Being, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 38 (2010): 16489–93, doi:.
‹‹19›› Daniel Kahneman and Angus Deaton, High Income Improves Evaluation of Life but Not Emotional Well-Being, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 38 (2010): 16489–93, doi:.
‹‹20›› Mark R. Lepper, David Greene, and Richard E. Nisbett, Undermining Children’s Intrinsic Interest with Extrinsic Reward: A Test of The ‘overjustification’ hypothesis, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 28, no. 1 (1973): 129–37, doi:.
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‹‹23›› Jesse Singal, «Awareness is Overrated, Science of Us, July 17, 2014, .
‹‹24›› National Institute on Drug Abuse, Evaluation of the Office on National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP) National Youth Anti-Drug Media Campaign, 2006, .
‹‹25›› Carlos D. Sanchez, L. Kristin Newby, Darren K. McGuire, Vic Hasselblad, Mark N. Feinglos, and E. Magnus Ohman, Diabetes-Related Knowledge, Atherosclerotic Risk Factor Control, and Outcomes in Acute Coronary Syndromes, The American Journal of Cardiology 95, no 11 (2005): 1290–1294, doi:.
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‹‹29›› Amy Adkins, U.S. Employee Engagement Holds Steady at 31.7 %, Gallup, May 7, 2015, .
‹‹30›› Gamification: Engagement Strategies for Business and IT» Gartner, .
‹‹31›› Gartner Predicts Over 70 Percent of Global 2000 Organisations Will Have at Least One Gamified Application by 2014, Gartner, November 9, 2011, .
‹‹32›› Gartner Says by 2014, 80 Percent of Current Gamified Applications Will Fail to Meet Business Objectives Primarily Due to Poor Design, Gartner, November 27, 2012, .
‹‹33›› Wupperman Steel, Enterprise Steel Consultancy, last modified February 7, 2015, .
‹‹34›› Steve Lopez, Disneyland workers answer to ‘electronic whip’, Los Angeles Times, October 19, 2011, .
‹‹35›› Damien Brevers and Xavier Noel, Pathological Gambling and the Loss of Willpower: A Neurocognitive Perspective, Socioaffective Neuroscience & Psychology 3 (September 2013), doi:.
‹‹36›› David Skorton and Glenn Altschuler, America’s Foreign Language Deficit, Forbes, August 27, 2012, .
‹‹37›› Suzie Lechtenberg, Is Learning a Foreign Language Really Worth It? Freakonomics, March 6, 2014, .
‹‹38›› Bryan Caplan, The Numbers Speak: Foreign Language Requirements Are a Waste of Time and Money, Library of Economics and Liberty, August 10, 2012, .
‹‹39›› John Cassidy, The Next Crusade: Paul Wolfowitz at the World Bank, New Yorker, April 9, 2007, .
‹‹40›› Theo Merz, Russian commuters win free Metro travel if they can prove physical prowess, The Telegraph, November 8, 2013, .
‹‹41›› Chris Clackum, Frequent Flyer Miles Going Unclaimed, NECN/ NBC, January 26, 2014, .
‹‹42›› Blake Fleetwood, Frequent-Flyer Programs Are Convoluted, Mysterious, and a Maddening Fraud, Huffington Post, May 4, 2011, .
‹‹43›› Blake Fleetwood, Frequent-Flyer Programs Are Convoluted, Mysterious, and a Maddening Fraud, Huffington Post, May 4, 2011,
‹‹44›› Jed Williams and John Swanciger, Why Small Businesses Should Be Utilizing Customer-Loyalty Programs, Entrepreneur, April 25, 2014, .
‹‹45›› Best Buy Increases Loyalty Rewards in Move to Spur Sales. 4-traders, April 3, 2014, .
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‹‹48›› Blake Mycoskie, The Founder of TOMS on Reimagining the Company’s Mission, Harvard Business Review, 2016, .
‹‹49›› Jeff Chu, Toms Sets Out To Sell A Lifestyle, Not Just Shoes, Fast Company, June 17, 2013, .
‹‹50›› Laura L. Carstensen, The Influence of a Sense of Time on Human Development, Science 312, no. 5782 (2006): 1913–15, doi:.
Глава 8. Привычка
‹‹1›› Anna Rose Childress, Ronald N. Ehrman, Ze Wang, Yin Li, Nathan Sciortino, Jonathan Hakun, William Jens, et al, Prelude to Passion: Limbic Activation By ‘unseen’ drug and Sexual Cues, PloS One 3, no. 1 (2008): e1506, doi:.
‹‹2›› Kimberly A. Young, Teresa R. Franklin, David C. S. Roberts, Kanchana Jagannathan, Jesse J. Suh, Reagan R. Wetherill, Ze Wang, Kyle M. Kampman, Charles P. O’Brien, and Anna Rose Childress, Nipping Cue Reactivity in the Bud: Baclofen Prevents Limbic Activation Elicited by Subliminal Drug Cues, Journal of Neuroscience 34, no. 14 (2014): 5038–43, doi:.
‹‹3›› Gabrielle Giffords, .
‹‹4›› Todd Ackerman, Meet Therapy Team Helping Giffords, Houston Chronicle, November 20, 2011, .
‹‹5›› Bogdan Draganski, Christian Gaser, Volker Busch, Gerhard Schuierer, Ulrich Bogdahn, and Arne May, Neuroplasticity: Changes in Grey Matter Induced by Training, Nature 427, no. 6972 (2004): 311–12, doi:.
‹‹6›› Antonella Gasbarri, Assunta Pompili, Mark G. Packard, and Carlos Tomaz, Habit Learning and Memory in Mammals: Behavioral and Neural Characteristics, Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 114 (October 2014): 198–208, doi:.
‹‹7›› R. B. Zajonc, Feeling and Thinking: Preferences Need No Inferences, American Psychologist 35, no. 2 (1980): 151–175.
‹‹8›› Henry H. Yin and Barbara J. Knowlton, The Role of the Basal Ganglia in Habit Formation, Nature Reviews Neuroscience 7, no. 6 (2006): 464–476, doi:.
‹‹9›› G. F. Koob and M. Le Moal, Drug Abuse: Hedonic Homeostatic Dysregulation, Science (New York, NY.) 278, no. 5335 (1997): 52–58.
‹‹10›› G. F. Koob and M. Le Moal, Drug Addiction, Dysregulation of Reward, and Allostasis, Neuropsychopharmacology 24, no. 2 (2001): 97–129, doi:.
‹‹11›› George F. Koob, Alcoholism: Allostasis and Beyond. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research 27, no. 2 (2003): 232–243, doi:.
‹‹12›› George F. Koob, Alcoholism: Allostasis and Beyond. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research 27, no. 2 (2003): 232–243, doi:, Zajonc, p. 160.
‹‹13›› A. J. DeCasper and W. P. Fifer, Of Human Bonding: Newborns Prefer Their Mothers’ Voices, Science 208, no. 4448 (1980): 117476, doi:.
‹‹14›› R. B. Zajonc, Mere Exposure: A Gateway to the Subliminal, Current Directions in Psychological Science 10, no. 10 (2000): 224–28.
‹‹15›› Jennifer L. Monahan, Sheila T. Murphy, and R. B. Zajonc, Subliminal Mere Exposure: Specific, General, and Diffuse Effects, Psychological Science 11, no. 6 (2000): 462–66, doi:.
‹‹16›› David J. Kelly, Paul C. Quinn, Alan M. Slater, Kang Lee, Alan Gibson, Michael Smith, Liezhong Ge, and Olivier Pascalis, Three-Month-Olds, but Not Newborns, Prefer Own-Race Faces, Developmental Science 8, no. 6 (2005): F31–36, doi:.
‹‹17›› Leslie A. Zebrowitz, Benjamin White, and Kristin Wieneke, Mere Exposure and Racial Prejudice: Exposure to Other-Race Faces Increases Liking for Strangers of That Race, Social Cognition 26, no. 3 (2008): 259–75, doi:.
‹‹18›› Lara Salahi, «Meditation Heals Military Vets with PTSD,» ABC News, June 6, 2011, .
‹‹19›› Michael Christopher, A Broader View of Trauma: A Biopsychosocial-Evolutionary View of the Role of the Traumatic Stress Response in the Emergence of Pathology And/Or Growth, Clinical Psychology Review 24, no. 1 (2004): 75–98, doi:.
‹‹20›› Emily A. Holmes, Ella L. James, Thomas Coode-Bate, and Catherine Deeprose, Can Playing the Computer Game ‘Tetris’ Reduce the Build-Up of Flashbacks for Trauma? A Proposal from Cognitive Science, PLOS ONE 4, no. 1 (2009): e4153, doi:.
‹‹21›› Sara W. Lazar, Catherine E. Kerr, Rachel H. Wasserman, Jeremy R. Gray, Douglas N. Greve, Michael T. Treadway, Metta McGarvey, et al, Meditation Experience Is Associated with Increased Cortical Thickness. Neuroreport 16, no. 17 (2005): 1893–97.
‹‹22›› Richard J. Davidson, Jon Kabat-Zinn, Jessica Schumacher, Melissa Rosenkranz, Daniel Muller, Saki F. Santorelli, Ferris Urbanowski, Anne Harrington, Katherine Bonus, and John F. Sheridan, Alterations in Brain and Immune Function Produced by Mindfulness Meditation, Psychosomatic Medicine 65, no. 4 (2003): 564–70, doi:.
‹‹23›› Emma M. Seppala, 20 Scientific Reasons to Start Meditating Today, Psychology Today, September 11, 2013, .
‹‹24›› Eileen Luders, Arthur W. Toga, Natasha Lepore, and Christian Gaser, The Underlying Anatomical Correlates of Long-Term Meditation: Larger Hippocampal and Frontal Volumes of Gray Matter, NeuroImage 45, no. 3 (2009): 672–78, doi:.
‹‹25›› Сообщение в сообществе HOPE от 25 июля 2016 года.
‹‹26›› Eric Vilas-Boas, What the Hell is Michael Phelps’ Arm-Swinging Warmup About? Thrillist, August 10, 2016, .
‹‹27›› What the Greatest Olympic Athlete Ever Can Teach You about Becoming a Champion, Competitive Advantage, .
‹‹28›› Joseph D. Lyons, Michael Phelps’ Pre-Race Playlist Is Highly Sought After for a Very Good Reason. Bustle, August 8, 2016, .
Глава 9. Соберем всё вместе
‹‹1›› Личная беседа с Чарли Браке, 2 февраля 2017 года.
‹‹2›› Sarah Klein, I Went To Rehab For My Technology Addiction. Prevention, October 19, 2016, .
‹‹3›› Yu-Kang Lee, Chun-Tuan Chang, You Lin, and Zhao-Hong Cheng, The Dark Side of Smartphone Usage: Psychological Traits, Compulsive Behavior and Technostress, Computers in Human Behavior 31 (February 2014): 373–83, doi:.
‹‹4›› Richard Emanuel, Rodney Bell, Cedric Cotton, Jamon Craig, Danielle Drummond, Samuel Gibson, Ashley Harris, et al, The Truth About Smartphone Addiction, College Student Journal 49, no. 2 (2015): 291–99.
‹‹5›› Sean D. Young, Explaining Pokemon Go through the ‘Science of Social’, July 22, 2016, .
‹‹6›› Jenny S. Radesky, Jayna Schumacher, and Barry Zuckerman, Mobile and Interactive Media Use by Young Children: The Good, the Bad, and the Unknown, Pediatrics 135, no. 1 (2015): 1–3, doi:.
‹‹7›› Nick Bilton, Steve Jobs Was a Low-Tech Parent, The New York Times, September 10, 2014, .
‹‹8›› Личная беседа с сержантом Моррисоном, 8 января 2017 года.
‹‹9›› Operant conditioning, .
‹‹10›› Henry L. Roediger III., What Happened to Behaviorism, Association for Psychological Science, 2004, .
‹‹11›› Henry L. Roediger III., What Happened to Behaviorism, Association for Psychological Science, 2004, , Klein.
‹‹12›› Recruit training, .
‹‹13›› Christina Salmivalli and Elisa Poskiparta, Making Bullying Prevention a Priority in Finnish Schools: The KiVa Antibullying Program, New Directions for Youth Development 133 (2012): 41–53, doi:.
‹‹14›› Anne L. Williford, Christian Elledge, Aaron J. Boulton, Kathryn J. DePaolis, Todd D. Little, and Christina Salmivalli, Effects of the KiVa Antibullying Program on Cyberbullying and Cybervictimization Frequency Among Finnish Youth, Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology 42, no. 6 (2013): 820–33, doi:.